• Kim et al found that hydroxydopamine OHDA

  2024-04-15

  

  Kim et al. (2013) found that 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) promoted the atrophy of dopaminergic neurons associated with the activation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), the translocation of apoptosis inductor factor (AIF) and the depletion of ATP. An increase in p-AMPK and pS6K (upstream kinase o

• br Understanding AD through Transcriptome Analysis Both clas

  2024-04-13

  

  Understanding AD through Transcriptome Analysis Both classical gene discovery and pathway-based analysis of AD GWAS shed light on the range of biological processes that contribute to AD in addition to amyloid pathology. The straightforward interpretation and functional investigation of the associ

• The PAS domains of AHR consist of

  2024-04-13

  

  The PAS domains of AHR consist of two regions, PAS-A and PAS-B, which function as interfaces for dimerization with ARNT and for ligand binding, respectively [14]. Although both the bHLH and the PAS-A domains have been shown to be involved in dimerization with ARNT, a recent report suggests that only

• br Concluding Remarks and Future Directions The

  2024-04-13

  

  Concluding Remarks and Future Directions The physiological significance of autophagy in neuronal function is steadily emerging. The studies discussed herein reveal that key neuronal functions, such as neurotransmitter release, pruning of dendritic spines, and behavioural outputs of neural network

• Since innate immune responses represent the first defense ag

  2024-04-13

  

  Since innate immune responses represent the first defense against incoming infectious microorganisms, they are particularly engaged during the early stages of viral infections. Many innate defense mechanisms rely on the engagement of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) which are conserved, germ lin

• Another topic for research will be the combination of

  2024-04-13

  

  Another topic for research will be the combination of other cytotoxic agents with Aurora kinase inhibitors. Particularly interesting might be the combination of Aurora kinase inhibitors and agents that depend on the spindle checkpoint for their activity, such as the taxanes, given the importance of

• In the last decade the

  2024-04-13

  

  In the last decade, the zebrafish has emerged as a valuable vertebrate model to systematically dissect the genetic underpinnings of both vertebrate heart development and function [8,9], as well as distinct cardiac diseases such as congenital heart disease [10], cardiomyopathies [11,12] and cardiac a

• With regard to the first

  2024-04-13

  

  With regard to the first question, subcellular fractionation studies revealed that BDK and PPM1K are clearly detectable in both the mitochondrial and cytosolic subcellular fractions, thus making it possible for these enzymes to interact with both the BCKDH and ACL substrates. The preferential presen

• In conclusion the partial sequencing and characterization of

  2024-04-13

  

  In conclusion, the partial sequencing and characterization of R. quelen cyp19a1b provides essential information about this gene and its presence in peripheral tissues outside of the central nervous system in a teleost. Furthermore, we covered sex differences in the effects of E2 on the cyp19a1b gene

• br Methods and materials br

  2024-04-12

  

  Methods and materials Results Discussion GPCR regulation in response to agonist stimulation is common to nearly all GPCRs and is essential in physiological systems to limit persistent signalling. In this study we have investigated the [Pyr1]apelin-13-induced trafficking and desensitization

• Glycosylphosphatidylinositol GPI cell wall anchor synthesis

  2024-04-12

  

  Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) NPS-2143 hydrochloride synthesis anchor synthesis pathway is another promising antifungal target. Novel inhibitors of Gwt1 and Mcd4, two enzymes in the GPI anchor pathway were identified by the chemical-genomics-based screening platform CaFT (Candida albicans fitn

• br HIF Signaling in AA Therapy

  2024-04-12

  

  HIF-α Signaling in AA Therapy Resistance An important result emerging from Phase 3 clinical trials testing AA therapies is improvement of progression-free survival (PFS) that is not accompanied by enhanced overall survival (OS) [26]. This dichotomy has been attributed to mechanisms of acquired re

• br Obstructing SNARE zippering Sharma et al

  2024-04-12

  

  Obstructing SNARE “zippering” Sharma et al. demonstrated for the first time that in the postmortem AD brains, the level of SNARE complex formation, which is necessary for driving synaptic vesicle fusion at the presynaptic active zone, is significantly reduced [123]. In the absence of changes in e

• br Introduction Chronic kidney disease CKD

  2024-04-12

  

  Introduction Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health problem. This problem is even worse in socioeconomically deprived countries because lower income and social deprivation are associated with higher incidence of reduced GFR, progressive kidney function loss and end stage renal

• Although several studies indicate that

  2024-04-12

  

  Although several studies indicate that ALDH2 protects the heart from injury and maladaptive remodeling (reviewed in [11], [12], [13]), accumulating evidence indicates that deficiency of the enzyme could be protective as well. For example, mice expressing the defective Aldh2*2 mutation show lower ald

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